Thank you Ted for your remark on: > The Optimum filter proposed by Norbert Wiener... you may > realize the main problem with this approach. You need to know the original > signal which in most cases is unkown. "A noteable case where it IS known is the GLONASS/GPS thing (and spread-spectrum systems in general), and this sort of filtering is used to considerable effect to retrieve a signal from well below the noise floor. ..." Good example, although I guess a so-called Matched filter would be even better in this case. But notice: If there is heavy noise, as with in the mentioned case, a Wiener filter behaves approximately like a Matched filter (correlation filter). Robert C. asked whether it's Wiener or "Weiner". It is definitely the first, but at least some US-Americans have difficulties with German "ie" which simply should be spoken like a long english "e". There is an other example, a circuit called Wien-bridge (a filter as well) -- named after the German physicist Wien -- often is misspelled "Wein-bridge" in the US-American literature. Bei the way _Wien_ is the German name for the capital of Austria that you (correctly) call Vienna. Furthermore, "Wein" is German for vine. No big problems -- just some remarks... Best to all of you, Herbie ************************************************* H.Glu@... Re: Robert C.'s other remark: "Oscar Mayer is a hot dog (frankfurter) brand here in the states, thus the whole statement was simply a setup for a great (bad) pun. Sense of humor required." Thanks for the info. You see, although it might have been a lack of humor from my side, it actually was the name Oscar Mayer that didn't bring up any associations... PS: Hot dogs we call Frankfurters in a roll, either with mustard or ketchup. With respect to this thread's topic I should like to mention that about half the Germans call Frankfurters Wieners. (Although this is really true: Sense of humor required...) :-)