Another of those just-wondering questions: If I create a local var and then neglect to assign it a value, whether by accident or by design (I _meant_ for it to be +/-32767, honest I did), it comes out with a random value. Similarly with a string var. But in the latter case... what, exactly, is happening in the variable? Is each individual byte in the string being set to a random 0-255 character? What about the length byte (assuming I didn't DIM it with a specified length)? Related and even more straightforward question: I'm told that IF LEN(given$) is much faster than IF given$ <> "" Is this because, in the first case, the app just takes a quick look at the length byte, while in the second case it sets up two strings, given$ and "", and compares them? If their respective length bytes are different, does it stop right there, or does it do 255 successive comparisons? Oh yes and... >> Not looking the gift horse in the mouth, just deciding which end I'd rather be facing when I do get on it. :) << >why, yes, that is a good thing to know... :+) < You are both doomed to ignominious failure; the only difference is what you will fall into or onto when you fall off. If you attempt to mount a horse from either _end_ you will probably come to regret it; the _side_ is the preferred access route. Except, possibly, in Texas.